Hanoi, Vietnam Travel Video Guide
Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city. Its population in 2009 was estimated at 2.6 million for urban districts,[1] 6.5 million for the metropolitan jurisdiction.[2] From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Huế, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945), but Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of a reunified Vietnam in 1976, after the North's victory in the Vietnam War.
The city lies on the right bank of the Red River. Hanoi is 1,760 km (1,090 mi) north of Ho Chi Minh City and 120 km (75 mi) west of Hai Phong city.October 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city.[3] The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4 km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion.
Names
Hanoi (河內) has had many names throughout history, all of them of Sino-Vietnamese origin. During the Chinese domination of Vietnam, it was known first as Long Biên, then Tống Bình (宋平, "Song Peace") and Long Đỗ (龍肚, "Dragonbelly"). In 866, it was turned into a citadel and named Đại La (大羅, "Big Net").History
See also: Timeline of Hanoi history
Pre-history
Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC. One of the first known permanent settlements is the Cổ Loa Citadel founded around 200 BC.| Hanoi | |
| Vietnamese name | |
|---|---|
| Vietnamese | Hà Nội |
| Hán-Nôm | 河內 |
1000 years of Chinese rule
In 197 BC, Âu Lạc Kingdom was annexed by Han People, which ushered in an over 1000-year Chinese domination. By the middle of the 5th century, in the center of ancient Hanoi, Liu Song Dynasty set up a new district (縣) called Songping (Tong Binh), which later became a commandery (郡), including two districts Yihuai (義懷) and Suining (綏寧) in the south of the Red River (now Từ Liêm and Hoài Đức districts) with a metropolis (the domination centre) in the present inner Hanoi. By the year 679, the Tang dynasty changed the region's name into Annan (Pacified South), with Songping as its capital.[4]In order to defeat the people’s uprisings, in the later half of the 8th century, Zhang Boyi (張伯儀), a Tang dynasty viceroy, built Luocheng (羅城, La Thanh or La citadel, from Thu Le to Quan Ngua in present-day Ba Dinh precinct). In the earlier half of the 9th century, it was further built up and called Jincheng (金城, Kim Thanh or Kim Citadel). In 866, Gao Pian, the Chinese Jiedushi, consolidated and named it Daluocheng (大羅城, Dai La citadel, running from Quan Ngua to Bach Thao), the then largest citadel ancient Hanoi. [4]
Thăng Long, Đông Đô, Đông Quan, Đông Kinh
In 1010, Lý Thái Tổ, the first ruler of the Lý Dynasty, moved the capital of Đại Việt to the site of the Đại La Citadel. Claiming to have seen a dragon ascending the Red River, he renamed the site Thăng Long (昇龍, "Soaring Dragon") - a name still used poetically to this day. Thăng Long remained the capital of Đại Việt until 1397, when it was moved to Thanh Hóa, then known as Tây Đô (西都), the "Western Capital". Thăng Long then became Đông Đô (東都), the "Eastern Capital."In 1408, the Chinese Ming Dynasty attacked and occupied Vietnam, changing Đông Đô's name to Dongguan (Chinese: 東關, Eastern Gateway), or Đông Quan in Sino-Vietnamese. In 1428, the Vietnamese overthrew the Chinese under the leadership of Lê Lợi, who later founded the Lê Dynasty and renamed Đông Quan Đông Kinh (東京, "Eastern Capital") or Tonkin. Right after the end of the Tây Sơn Dynasty, it was named Bắc Thành (北城, "Northern Citadel").
During Nguyễn Dynasty and French colonial
In 1802, when the Nguyễn Dynasty was established and moved the capital to Huế, the old name Thăng Long was modified to become Thăng Long (昇龍, "Soaring Dragon"). In 1831, the Nguyễn emperor Minh Mạng renamed it Hà Nội (河内, "Between Rivers" or "River Interior"). Hanoi was occupied by the French in 1873 and passed to them ten years later. As Hanoï, it became the capital of French Indochina after 1887.During two wars
The city was occupied by the Japanese in 1940 and liberated in 1945, when it briefly became the seat of the Viet Minh government after Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the independence of Vietnam. However, the French returned and reoccupied the city in 1946. After nine years of fighting between the French and Viet Minh forces, Hanoi became the capital of an independent North Vietnam in 1954.During the Vietnam War, Hanoi's transportation facilities were disrupted by the bombing of bridges and railways. These were all, however, promptly repaired. Following the end of the war, Hanoi became the capital of a reunified Vietnam when North and South Vietnam were reunited on July 2, 1976.
Modern Hanoi
On May 29, 2008, it was decided that Hà Tây Province, Vĩnh Phúc Province's Mê Linh District and 4 communes of Lương Sơn District, Hòa Bình Province be merged into the metropolitan area of Hanoi from August 1, 2008.[5] Hanoi's total area then increased to 334,470 hectares in 29 subdivisions[6] with the new population being 6,232,940.,[6] effectively tripling its size. The Hanoi Capital Region (Vùng Thủ đô Hà Nội), a metropolitan area covering Hanoi and 6 surrounding provinces under its administration, will have an area of 13,436 square kilometres (5,188 sq mi) with a population of 15 million by 2020Hanoi experienced a rapid construction boom recently. Skyscrapers, popping up in new urban areas, dramatically change the citiscape of Hanoi. According to Skyscrapercity website, in 2013, two tallest buildings in Hanoi are Hanoi Landmark 72 Tower (336m, tallest in Vietnam and second tallest in Southeast Asia after Malaysia's Petronas Twin Towers) and Hanoi Lotte Center (267m, also second tallest in Vietnam)
Geography
Location, topography
Climate
Extreme temperatures have ranged from 2.7 °C (36.9 °F) to 40.4 °C (105 °F).[7]
| [hide]Climate data for Hanoi (1898-1990) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33 (91) | 34 (93) | 37 (99) | 39 (102) | 43 (109) | 40 (104) | 40 (104) | 38 (100) | 37 (99) | 36 (97) | 36 (97) | 37 (99) | 43 (109) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 19.3 (66.7) | 19.9 (67.8) | 22.8 (73) | 27.0 (80.6) | 31.5 (88.7) | 32.6 (90.7) | 32.9 (91.2) | 31.9 (89.4) | 30.9 (87.6) | 28.6 (83.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 21.8 (71.2) | 27.0 (80.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.5 (61.7) | 17.5 (63.5) | 20.5 (68.9) | 24.2 (75.6) | 27.9 (82.2) | 29.2 (84.6) | 29.5 (85.1) | 28.8 (83.8) | 27.8 (82) | 25.3 (77.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 18.6 (65.5) | 24.0 (75.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 13.7 (56.7) | 15.0 (59) | 18.1 (64.6) | 21.4 (70.5) | 24.3 (75.7) | 25.8 (78.4) | 26.1 (79) | 25.7 (78.3) | 24.7 (76.5) | 21.9 (71.4) | 18.5 (65.3) | 15.3 (59.5) | 20.9 (69.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3 (37) | 5 (41) | 7 (45) | 10 (50) | 16 (61) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) | 21 (70) | 17 (63) | 13 (55) | 6 (43) | 5 (41) | 3 (37) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 18.6 (0.732) | 26.2 (1.031) | 43.8 (1.724) | 90.1 (3.547) | 188.5 (7.421) | 239.9 (9.445) | 288.2 (11.346) | 318.0 (12.52) | 265.4 (10.449) | 130.7 (5.146) | 43.4 (1.709) | 23.4 (0.921) | 1,676.2 (65.992) |
| Avg. rainy days | 8.4 | 11.3 | 15.0 | 13.3 | 14.2 | 14.7 | 15.7 | 16.7 | 13.7 | 9.0 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 144.5 |
| % humidity | 78 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 82 | 79 | 75 | 74 | 75 | 79 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 68.2 | 45.2 | 43.4 | 81.0 | 164.3 | 156.0 | 182.9 | 164.3 | 162.0 | 164.3 | 126.0 | 108.5 | 1,466.1 |
| Source #1: World Meteorological Organisation (UN),[8] BBC Weather (record highs, lows, and humidity) [9] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: (sunshine hours only)[10] | |||||||||||||
Education
After the Communist Party took control over Hanoi in 1954 with support from the Soviet Union, many new universities were built, among them, Hanoi University of Technology remains the largest technical university in Vietnam.
The largest university is Vietnam National University, Hanoi which comprises 10 universities within the system. Much like departments of the same school, the universities have more autonomy and are considered separate but under the same umbrella. They include VNU-University of Science, The University of Science and Humanities, The University of Languages and International Studies (one of the largest for international exchange), The University of Engineering and Technology VNU, University of Economics and Business, and the smaller University of Education. Vietnam National University also has several affiliated universities at satellite campuses. These affiliated universities include: VNU School of Law, VNU School of Business, School of Graduate Studies, International School VNU, and the School of Medicine and Pharmacy VNU. In addition to the 10 main universities, and the just mentioned affiliated schools, VNU has several research institutes as well including: VNU Hanoi Information Technology Institute, VNU Institute of Vietnamese Studies and Development Sciences, VNU Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, VNU Institute of Education Quality Assurance, and the VNU Institute for Francophone and Informatics. Besides these institutes for research and higher learning there are also several training centers and special research centers under Vietnam National University. These training and research centers include: VNU Training Center for Teachers of Political Theory, the VNU Centre for National Resources and Environmental Studies, VNU National Defense and Security Training Centre, the VNU Center for Women's Studies, VNU Center for Educational Technology and Career Development, VNU Center for Physical Education and Sports, VNU Sea and Island Research Center, VNU International Centre for the Advanced Research on Global Change, and last but not least the VNU Center for Urban Studies. Lastly Vietnam National University also has a section they call service units which are important parts to the university system. These service units include the VNU Journal of Science, VNU Publishing House, VNU Centre for Student Services, VNY Printing House, VNU Library and Information Centre, VNU Centre for Training Services and University City Development. There is also the VNU Asia research Center, VNU Centre for Mass Communication and Public Relations, VNU Project Management and Development Unit, and the VNU Center for Applied Information Technology. All of these institutions, centers, and universities can be found online in English and/or Vietnamse at [11]
Recently ULIS (University of Languages and International Studies) was rated as one of the top universities in South East Asia for Languages and language studies at the undergraduate level. ULIS also has a large number of exchanges with various other universities around the world and offers Vietnamese language studies for visiting exchange students. The ULIS program with Southern New Hampshire University in the US, is one of the largest and best run programs as is their intensive English studies program. This is according to several awards recently such as the Best English Teaching Program Awarded to ULIS in 2013, and the top universities standing listed at.[12] ULIS was originally known as the School of Foreign Languages until the 1950s. In 1958, the School of Foreign Languages was merged into Hanoi University of Education, forming its Faculty of Foreign Languages. As one of the three first members of Vietnam National University, Hanoi University of Foreign Language Education since 1993 has been widely known as the University of Languages and International Studies – Vietnam National University, Hanoi (ULIS - VNU). Its international and national staff has enlarged since 2012 and now includes many major lecturers from many countries including Japan, Russia, France, Germany, Taiwan, Korea, and the United States.[13]
Other universities that are not apart of Vietnam National University nor Hanoi University also include Hanoi School for Public Health and Hanoi School of Agriculture.
Hanoi is the largest centre of education in Vietnam. It is estimated that 62% of the scientists in the whole country are living and working in Hanoi.[14] Admissions to undergraduate study are through entrance examinations, which are conducted annually and open for everyone (who has successfully completed his/her secondary education) in the country. The majority of universities in Hanoi are public, although in recent years a number of private universities have started their operation. Thăng Long University, founded in 1988, by some Vietnamese mathematics professors in Hanoi and France[15] is the first private university in Vietnam. Because many of Vietnam's major universities are located in Hanoi, students from other provinces (especially in the northern part of the country) wishing to enter university often travel to Hanoi for the annual entrance examination. Such events often take place in June and July, during which a large number of students and their families converge on the city for several weeks around this intense examination period. In recent years, these entrance exams have been centrally coordinated by the Ministry of Education, but passing marks are decided independently by each university.
Although there are state owned kindergartens, there are also many private ventures that serve both local and international needs. Pre-tertiary (elementary and secondary) schools in Hanoi are generally state run although there are some independent schools. Education is equivalent to the K–12 system in the US, with elementary school between grades 1 and 5, middle school (or junior high) between grades 6 and 9, and high school from grades 10 to 12.
Landmarks
Old Quarter
Some others prominent places are: The Temple of Literature (Văn Miếu), site of the oldest university in Vietnam 1010; One Pillar Pagoda (Chùa Một Cột); Flag Tower of Hanoi (Cột cờ Hà Nội). In 2004, a massive part of the 900 year old Hanoi Citadel was discovered in central Hanoi, near the site of Ba Đình Square.[19]
Lakes
A city between the rivers, built from lowland, Hanoi has many scenic lakes and it is sometimes called "city of lakes". Among its lakes, the most famous are Hoàn Kiếm Lake, West Lake, Halais Lake (Hồ Thiền Quang in Vietnamese), and Bay Mau Lake. Hoan Kiem Lake, also known as Sword Lake, is the historical and cultural center of Hanoi, and is linked to the legend of the magic sword. West Lake (Hồ Tây) is a popular place for people to spend time. It is the largest lake in Hanoi and there are many temples in the area. There are swanboats for hire. The lakeside road in Quang An area is perfect for bicycling, jogging and viewing the cityscape especially in the sunset or enjoying lotus ponds in the summerColonial Hanoi
Critical historians of empire have noted that French colonial rule imposed a system of white supremacy on the city. Vietnamese subjects supplied labor and tax revenue but the privileges and comforts of the city went to the white population. French efforts at rat eradication revealed some of the colonial city's racial double-standards.[21]
Museums
Hanoi is also home to a number of museums:- National Museum of Vietnamese History
- Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts
- Vietnam Museum of Ethnology
- Vietnam Museum of Revolution
- Hỏa Lò Prison (Hanoi Hilton)
- Ho Chi Minh Museum
- Hanoi Contemporary Arts Centre
- Vietnam Military History Museum
- Hanoi Museum
Tourism
In 2013, Hanoi is ranked 14 in TripAdvisor's list of top 25 destinations Asia (by travellers' choice).
Entertainment
A popular traditional form of entertainment is water puppetry, which is shown for example at the Thăng Long Water Puppet Theatre.
Shopping
With rapid economic growth and extremely high population density, many modern shopping centers and megamalls have been opened in Hanoi.Major malls are:
- Trang Tien Plaza, Trang Tien street (right next to Hoàn Kiếm Lake), Hoàn Kiếm District
- Vincom Center, a modern mall with hi-end Megastar cineplex, Ba Trieu Street (just 2 km from Hoan Kiem lake), Hai Bà Trưng District
- Parkson Department Store, Tây Sơn Street, Đống Đa District; and Landmark Parkson Department Store at Vietnam's tallest building, Hanoi Landmark Tower (Pham Hung Road)
- The Garden Shopping Center, Me Tri - Mỹ Đình, Từ Liêm District
- Indochina Plaza, Xuan Thuy street, Cầu Giấy District
- Royal City Megamall, the largest underground mall in Asia with 230,000 sqm of shops, restaurants, cineplex, waterpark, ice skating rink; Nguyen Trai street (appox 6 km from Hoan Kiem Lake), Thanh Xuân District
- Times City Megamall, another megamall of 230,000 sqm including shops, restaurants, cineplex, huge musical fountain on central square and a giant aquarium; Minh Khai street (approx 5 km from Hoan Kiem Lake), Hai Ba Trung district
Cuisine
Vietnam's national dish phở has been named as one of the Top5 streetfood in the world by globalpost.[24]
Hanoi has a number of restaurants whose menus specifically offer dishes containing dog, snake[25][26] and various species of insects. Insect inspired menus can be found at a number of restaurants in Khuong Thuong village, Hanoi.[27] The signature dishes at these restaurant are those containing processed ant-eggs, often in the culinary styles of Thai people or Vietnam's Muong and Tay ethnic people.[28]
Population
The number of Hanoians who settled down for more than three generations is likely to be very small as compared to the overall population of the city. Even in the Old Quarter, where commerce started hundreds years ago and was mostly a family business, many of the street-front stores nowadays are owned by merchants and retailers from other provinces. The original owner family may have either rented out the store and moved to live further inside the house, or just moved out of the neighbourhood altogether. The pace of change has especially escalated after the abandonment of central-planning economic policies, and relaxing of the district-based household registrar system.[citation needed]
Hanoi's telephone numbers have been increased to 8 digits to cope with demand (October 2008). Subscribers telephone numbers have been changed in a haphazard way; however, mobile phones and SIM cards are readily available in Vietnam, with pre-paid mobile phone credit available in all areas of Hanoi.
Transport
Hanoi will have additionally another international airport, which will cost $8 billion, being the highest foreign investment so far in the history of Vietnam.[29] The construction will be carried out in three stages,the first phase started in 2011 and will continue until 2015.
There are two main highways linking the airport and city. The route to the city via Thăng Long Bridge is more direct than Highway 1, which runs along the outskirts of the city. The main highways are shared by cars, motor scooters, with separate lanes by the side for bicycles. Taxis are plentiful and usually have trip meters, although it is also common to agree on the trip price before taking a taxi from airport to the city centre. Tourists also sometimes tour the city on cyclos especially in the Old Quarter.
Hanoi is also the origin departure point for many Vietnam Railways train routes in the country. The Reunification Express (tàu Thống Nhất) runs from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City from Hanoi station (formerly Hang Co station), with stops at cities and provinces along the line. Trains also depart Hanoi frequently for Hai Phong and other northern cities.The Reunification Express line was established during French colonial rule, and was completed over a period of nearly forty years, from 1899 to 1936.[30] The Reunification Express between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City covers a distance of 1,726 km (1,072 mi) and takes approximately 33 hours.[31] As of 2005, there were 278 stations on the Vietnamese railway network, of which 191 were located along the North-South line.
The main means of transport within Hanoi city are motorbikes, buses, taxis, and bicycles. Over the preceding decades, motorbikes have overtaken bicycles as the main form of transportation. The increased number of motorcycles can cause gridlocks. To reduce them and the negative consequences for environment and health the local government tries to increase public transportation.[32] Public buses run on many routes and fare can be purchased on the bus, with very cheap prices (20 cents for a journey where a taxi might cost $10.)
Persons on their own or traveling in a pair who wish to make a fast trip around Hanoi, to avoid traffic jams or to travel at an irregular time or by way of an irregular route, often use "xe ôm" (literally, "hug vehicle") motorbikes, which are unofficial, unregulated motorcycle taxis that involve the passenger sitting on the rear of a motorbike. Idle xe ôm riders often yell "xe ôm" at paedestrians that pass by, and signs saying "xe ôm" adorn many a tree, pole or post around the city (as with all Vietnamese cities, towns and villages,etc.) to advertise that a xe ôm vehicle and rider is often parked there. It is customary to negotiate the price of a xe ôm trip with xe ôm riders. Motorbikes can also be rented from agents within the Old Quarter of Hanoi.[33]
Economy
Industrial production in the city has experienced a rapid boom since the 1990s, with average annual growth of 19.1 percent from 1991–95, 15.9 percent from 1996–2000, and 20.9 percent during 2001–2003.[citation needed] In addition to eight existing industrial parks, Hanoi is building five new large-scale industrial parks and 16 small- and medium-sized industrial clusters. The non-state economic sector is expanding fast, with more than 48,000 businesses currently operating under the Enterprise Law (as of 3/2007).[35]
Trade is another strong sector of the city. In 2003, Hanoi had 2,000 businesses engaged in foreign trade, having established ties with 161 countries and territories. The city's export value grew by an average 11.6 percent each year from 1996–2000 and 9.1 percent during 2001–2003.[citation needed] The economic structure also underwent important shifts, with tourism, finance, and banking now playing an increasingly important role. Hanoi's business districts are traditionally Hoàn Kiếm and the neighborhood; and a newly developing Cầu Giấy and Từ Liêm in the western part.
Similar to Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi enjoys a rapidly developing real estate market.[36] The current most notable new urban areas are central Trung Hoa Nhan Chinh, Mỹ Đình, the luxurious zones of The Manor and Ciputra.
Agriculture, previously a pillar in Hanoi's economy, has striven to reform itself, introducing new high-yield plant varieties and livestock, and applying modern farming techniques.[citation needed]
Together with economic growth, Hanoi's appearance has also changed significantly, especially in recent years. Infrastructure is constantly being upgraded, with new roads and an improved public transportation system.[citation needed]
On February 2013 Dubai-based property developer Global Sphere announced a mega-project to build about 70 residential towers in Hanoi in an area dubbed the Hanoi Wall Street. .[37] The first phase, valued at $10 billion, is expected to be finished by 2020.
Sport centers
Health care and other facilities
Some medical facilities in Hanoi:- Bạch Mai Hospital
- Viet Duc Hospital
- Saint Paul Hospital
- 108 Hospital
- Hôpital Français de Hanoi
- International SOS
Districts
Hanoi is divided into 10 inner districts, 1 town and 18 outer districts.[38] ( Hà Đông has been transform to an inner district, and Sơn Tây has been degraded to a town)
| Subdivisions of Hanoi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Provincial Cities/Districts[38] | Wards[38] | Area (km2)[38] | Population[38] | |
| 1 town | ||||
| Sơn Tây | 15 | 113.474 | 181,831 | |
| 10 urban districts (Quận) | ||||
| Ba Đình District | 14 | 9.224 | 228,352 | |
| Cầu Giấy District | 8 | 12.04 | 147,000 | |
| Đống Đa District | 21 | 9.96 | 352,000 | |
| Hai Bà Trưng | 20 | 14.6 | 378,000 | |
| Hà Ðông District | 17 | 47.917 | 198,687 | |
| Hoàn Kiếm District | 18 | 5.29 | 178,073 | |
| Hoàng Mai District | 14 | 41.04 | 216,277 | |
| Long Biên District | 14 | 60.38 | 170,706 | |
| Tây Hồ District (West Lake) | 8 | 24 | 115,163 | |
| Thanh Xuân District | 11 | 9.11 | 185,000 | |
| Subtotal | 145 | 233.56 | 2,178,258 | |
| 18 rural districts (Huyện) | ||||
| Ba Vì District | 31 + 1 town | 428.0 | 242,600 (1999) | |
| Chương Mỹ District | 30 + 2 towns | 232.9 | 261,000 (1999) | |
| Đan Phượng District | 15 + 1 town | 76.8 | 124,900 | |
| Đông Anh District | 23 + 1 town | 182.3 | 276,750 | |
| Gia Lâm District | 20 + 2 towns | 114.0 | 205,275 | |
| Hoài Đức District | 19 + 1 town | 95.3 | 188,800 | |
| Mê Linh District | 16 + 2 towns | 141.26 | 187,536 (2008) | |
| Mỹ Đức District | 21 + 1 town | 230.0 | 167,700 (1999) | |
| Phú Xuyên District | 26 + 2 towns | 171.1 | 181,500 | |
| Phúc Thọ District | 25 + 1 town | 113.2 | 154,800 (2001) | |
| Quốc Oai District | 20 + 1 town | 136.0 (2001) | 146,700 (2001) | |
| Sóc Sơn District | 25 + 1 town | 306.51 | 254,000 | |
| Thạch Thất District | 22 + 1 town | 128.1 | 149,000 (2003) | |
| Thanh Oai District | 20 + 1 town | 129.6 | 142,600 (1999) | |
| Thanh Trì District (Green Ponds) | 15 + 1 town | 98.22 | 241,000 | |
| Thường Tín District | 28 + 1 town | 127.7 | 208,000 | |
| Từ Liêm District | 15 + 1 town | 75.32 | 240,000 | |
| Ứng Hòa District | 28 + 1 town | 183.72 | 193,731 (2005) | |
| Subtotal | 399 + 22 towns | 3,266.186 | 3,872,851 | |
| Total | 559 + 22 towns | 3,344.47 | 6,232,940 | |
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